﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ArticleSet>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>Tabriz University of Medical Sciences</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>2008-210X</Issn>
      <Volume>19</Volume>
      <Issue>2</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>2025</Year>
        <Month>06</Month>
        <DAY>30</DAY>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>Smartphone-based 3D facial scanning applications in orthodontic diagnosis: A cross-sectional study</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage>97</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>103</LastPage>
    <ELocationID EIdType="doi">10.34172/joddd.025.42109</ELocationID>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Amritha</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nehru</LastName>
        <Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5656-8867</Identifier>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Shweta</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nagesh</LastName>
        <Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1921-1604</Identifier>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType>Journal Article</PublicationType>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.34172/joddd.025.42109</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <History>
      <PubDate PubStatus="received">
        <Year>2025</Year>
        <Month>01</Month>
        <Day>13</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <PubDate PubStatus="accepted">
        <Year>2025</Year>
        <Month>04</Month>
        <Day>14</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </History>
    <Abstract>Background. Innovations in smartphone technology have transformed diagnostics in healthcare. In orthodontics, these applications can serve as potential diagnostic tools. The present study analyzed the accuracy of two smartphone-based face scanners compared to a standard CBCT-based facial scanner and evaluated scanning duration, user experience, and preferences for orthodontic diagnostics. Methods. This cross-sectional study included 15 individuals aged 18–25 years. Each participant was scanned with a CBCT-based scanner (group 1), SureScan 3D App (group 2), and QLone App (group 3). Accuracy was assessed by superimposing scans using MeshLab and Geomagic Control X software. Scanning duration was recorded. Additionally, 30 orthodontists completed a questionnaire to evaluate user experience with face scans. ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests compared the accuracy and scanning duration, respectively, while the Mann-Whitney U test was used to assess region-based reproducibility. P≤0.05 was considered significant. Results. Smartphone-based apps showed overall accuracy comparable to the conventional scanner (P=0.765). SureScan 3D had the lowest mean error (1.53±0.24 mm). In region-based superimposition, the cheeks and forehead had high reproducibility, followed by the nose with moderate and the perioral area with poor reproducibility. Significant differences in scanning duration were observed (P=0.001), with SureScan 3D having the shortest scanning time (52.80±4.17 seconds) and 93.3% of orthodontists viewed facial scans as a substitute for photographs, though 53.3% still preferred photographs. Conclusion. Smartphone face scanning applications offer accuracy comparable to standard scanners with reduced scanning times. They provide a cost-efficient and reliable alternative to traditional scanners for orthodontic documentation.  </Abstract>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">Face</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">Mobile applications</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">Orthodontics</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">Soft tissues</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">Smartphone</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">Three-dimensional imaging</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
  </Article>
</ArticleSet>